A contract is a legally binding
agreement between two or more parties and describes the rights and
obligations of the parties to the contract.
Where a contract has been properly drafted and signed by the parties
to the contract, and where the terms are clear and the contract is not
for an illegal purpose, then it is likely that a Canadian court would
consider the contract valid and enforceable.
Only the parties to a contract can sue or be sued under the terms of that contract.
Before you sign a contract
1. Never sign a contract if you don’t understand it.
2. Before you sign a contract, consult your REALTOR®, your REALTORS®’ managing broker, and/or your lawyer for advice.
As a general rule, Canadian courts expect that if you have signed a
contract, you have agreed to it and you will therefore be bound by its
terms. You may not be protected if you claim you did not understand what
you were signing. Always make sure you understand a contract before you
sign it.
Standard form contracts
The real estate contracts used by REALTORS® are standard form
contracts. The wording and terms of these contracts have been prepared
by lawyers and have been tested in Canadian courts.
Cancelling a contract
If you have signed a standard form Multiple Listing Contract,
Exclusive Listing Contract or Exclusive Buyer Agency Contract and you
wish to cancel the contract early, you can only do so if the other party
to the contract (your REALTOR®’s company) agrees. The Real Estate Board
cannot require its members to cancel listing or buyer agency contracts
early.
If you have signed a contract to buy or sell a property (contract of
purchase and sale) and wish to cancel it you should seek legal advice
without delay. REALTORS® are not parties to these contracts and
therefore cannot cancel them unless the contracting parties agree, in
writing, to do so.
What happens if a buyer or seller doesn’t fulfil the terms of a contract?
Even though your REALTOR® may have drafted the contract to sell or
buy a property for you, s/he is not a party to that contract. A REALTOR®
cannot force his/her client to fulfil the terms of a contract with the
buyer or seller. If the buyer or seller does not fulfil the commitments
they have made in the contract, you may have legal recourse and should
seek legal advice.
If you do not have a lawyer, you may wish to contact the Lawyer
Referral Service: 604.687.3221. If you have difficulty understanding
English then you may wish to contact organizations like S.U.C.C.E.S.S.,
call 604.684.1628 for assistance.
Here are examples of common issues for which the buyer or seller (not the REALTOR®) is responsible:
• Buyer does not close the sale.
• Buyer does not remove the contract’s subject clauses.
• Seller does not close the sale.
• Seller does not remove the contract’s subject clauses.
• Property is left untidy or dirty by the seller.
• Seller has removed items that were included in the contract.
• Transaction does not close on time.
• Appliances break down or a previously unknown property defect reveals itself after
closing.
SOURCE GVREB
Your REALTOR® and his/her brokerage may be able to assist you to
resolve this type of complaint. Typically your REALTOR® will contact the
other party’s REALTOR® or brokerage and let them know about your
concerns and ask them for assistance in resolving your concern. As
noted, your REALTOR® cannot force the other party to do what they said
they would do in the contract. (For this, you need the assistance of a
lawyer or the Courts.)